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Table 2 Sub-group analysis for the incidence of anxiety meta-analysis

From: Incidence of anxiety after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sub-group

Number of studies

Number of participants

Proportion (95CI), I2

P-value of sub-group difference

Type of anxiety

Anxiety disorder

16

498,474

17.25% (11.99%, 22.52%), 100%

0.82

Anxiety symptoms

4

206,550

18.58% (4.24%, 32.92%), 98%

Type of TBI

Mild TBI

9

230,337

15.32% (6.25%, 24.39%), 100%

0.64

Moderate-severe TBI

6

232

19.57% (3.93%, 35.21%), 79%

Type of anxiety disorder

Social anxiety

4

318

2.52% (0.55%, 4.49%), 14%

 < 0.01

Separation anxiety

2

296

7.34% (0.11%, 14.57%), 79%

Specific phobia

2

222

5.68% (2.29%, 9.08%), 19%

Generalized anxiety disorder

8

23,607

14.09% (7.04%, 21.14%), 100%

Obsessive compulsive disorder

3

266

4.57% (0.80%, 8.35%), 49%

Post-traumatic stress disorder

4

23,278

9.71% (9.33%, 10.09%), 0%

Panic disorder

4

23,279

5.16% (3.64%, 6.68%), 0%

  1. Abbreviations: TBI Traumatic brain injury