Table 1 Patients’ characteristics

Age, years (min-max, M (SD))

18–91, 61.2 (15.43)

18–91, 60.96 (15.61)

30–84, 62.73 (13.89)

n.s.

Sex (n (%))

Male 207 (61.1)

Female 132 (38.9)

Male 183 (62.2)

Female 111 (37.8)

Male 24 (53.3)

Female 21 (46.7)

n.s.

Arterial hypertension (n (%))

245 (72.3)

213 (72.4)

32 (71.1)

n.s.

Diabetes mellitus (n (%))

87 (25.7)

78 (26.5)

9 (20.0)

n.s.

Hyperlipidemia (n (%))

219 (64.6)

191 (65.0)

28 (62.2)

n.s.

Nicotine consumption (n (%))

133 (39.2)

121 (41.2)

12 (26.7)

n.s.

Atrial fibrillation (n (%))

14 (4.1)

13 (4.4)

1 (2.2)

n.s.

Etiology (n (%))

Large-artery atherosclerosis 10 (2.9)

Arterio-arterial embolism 126 (37.2)

Cardioembolism 21 (6.2)

Small-vessel occlusion 26 (7.7)

Other 71 (21)

Undetermined/competing 85 (25.1)

Large-artery atherosclerosis 8 (2.7)

Arterio-arterial embolism 108 (36.7)

Cardioembolism 20 (6.8)

Small-vessel occlusion 24 (8.2)

Other 65 (22.1)

Undetermined/competing 69 (23.5)

Large-artery atherosclerosis 2 (4.4)

Arterio-arterial embolism 18 (40.0)

Cardioembolism 1 (2.2)

Small-vessel occlusion 2 (4.4)

Other 6 (13.3)

Undetermined/competing 16 (35.6)

n.s.

Intravenous thrombolysis (n (%))

63 (18.6)

63 (21.4)

-

Mechanical recanalization (n (%))

24 (7.1)

24 (8.2)

-

Pre-mRS (M (SD))

0.21 (0.73)

0.24 (0.78)

0 (0.0)

*

NIHSS at admission (M (SD))

3.99 (6.29)

4.56 (6.57)

0.31 (0.63)

***

NIHSS at discharge (M (SD))

2.09 (5.49)

2.41 (5.84)

0 (0.0)

***

mRS at discharge (M (SD))

1.10 (1.42)

1.27 (1.45)

0 (0.0)

***

Medications affecting the coagulation system (n (%))

AP 80 (23.6)

VKA 2 (0.6)

NOAC 3 (0.9)

LMWH/Heparin 2 (0.6)

none 252 (74.3)

AP 69 (23.5)

VKA 2 (0.7)

NOAC 3 (1.0)

LMWH/Heparin 2 (0.7)

none 218 (74.1)

AP 11 (24.4)

VKA 0 (0.0)

NOAC 0 (0.0)

LMWH/Heparin 0 (0.0)

none 34 (75.6)

n.s.

TEE in addition to TTE (n (%))

333 (98.2)

288 (98.0)

45 (100.0)

n.s.

Compression ultrasonography of lower limbs (n (%))

217 (64.0)

196 (66.7)

21 (46.7)

*