Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included articles
Study ID | Study Design | Country | Age, mean ± standard deviation | Sample size | Gender (M/F) | Hypertension, n/(%) | Diabetes, n(%) | Previous Stroke, n(%) | Atrial Fibrillation, n(%) | Smoking, n(%) | Hyperlipidemia, n(%) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IVT | control | IVT | control | IVT | control | IVT | control | IVT | control | IVT | control | IVT | control | IVT | control | IVT | control | |||||
Han 2021 [37] | Cohort | China | 65.19 ± 8.67 | 67.51 ± 11.17 | 96 | 84 | 56/40 | 57/27 | 73(76.04%) | 64(76.19%) | 22(22.92%) | 39(46.43%) | 10(10.42%) | 19(22.62%) | 11(11.46%) | 4(4.76%) | 41(42.71%) | 40(47.62%) | __ | __ | ||
Hsia 2021 [38] | Cohort | USA | 67.13 ± 15.33 | 73.18 ± 18.15 | 119 | 90 | 71/48 | 46/44 | 82 | __ | 23(69%) | __ | 19(16%) | __ | 13(11%) | __ | 22(18%) | __ | 50(42%) | __ | ||
Huisa 2012 [39] | Cohort | USA | 66.5 ± 16.4 | 70.1 ± 14.5 | 59 | 74 | 36/23 | 43/31 | 35(59.3%) | 49(66.2%) | 11(18.6%) | 18(24.3%) | __ | __ | 12(19.6%) | 17(23.3%) | 15(25.4%) | 28(37.8%) | __ | __ | ||
Li 2019 [8] | Cohort | China | 79.6 ± 2.2 | 79.3 ± 2.1 | 60 | 60 | 41 /19 | 35 /25 | 48 (80.00%) | 45(75%) | 21(35%) | 16 (26.67%) | __ | __ | 42 (70%) | 39 (65%) | 18(30%) | 15(25%) | ||||
Duan 2023 [36] | Cohort | China | 62 ± 2.42 | 62.67 ± 2.36 | 527 | 1378 | 361/166 | 971/407 | 342(64.9%) | 841(61.0%) | 110(20.9%) | 322(23.4%) | 90(17.1%) | 310(22.5%) | 40(7.6%) | 114(8.3%) | 172(32.6%) | 428(31.1%) | 39(7.4%) | 116(8.4%) | ||
Villringer 2014 [41] | Cohort | Germany | 70.3 ± 10.6 | 70 ± 12 | 62 | 102 | 36/26 | 64/38 | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | ||||||||
Zhong 2021 [34] | Cohort | China | 68 ± 12 | 70 ± 14 | 240 | 221 | 161/79 | 148/73 | 167 (67.6%) | 148 (67.0%) | 52(21.7%) | 60(27.1%) | 41(17.1%) | 48(21.7%) | 51(21.3%) | 35(15.8%) | 94(39.2%) | 61(31.0%) | __ | __ | ||
Broderick 2005 [35] | Randomized controlled trial | USA | Definition A: 67 ± 12 Definition B: 64 ± 11 Definition C: 67 ± 12 Definition D: 67 ± 11 Definition E: 67 ± 11 | Definition A: 64 ± 15 Definition B: 4 ± 13 Definition C: 66 ± 12 Definition D: 64 ± 13 Definition E: 65 ± 13 | Definition A: 21 Definition B: 51 Definition C: 220 Definition D: 97 Definition E: 99 | Definition A: 7 Definition B: 30 Definition C: 219 Definition D: 76 Definition E: 78 | __ | __ | __ | __ | Definition A: 3(14%) Definition B: 13(25%) Definition C: 44(20%) Definition D: 21(22%) Definition E: 21(21%) | Definition A: 3(43%) Definition B: 5(17%) Definition C: 49(22%) Definition D: 17(22%) Definition E: 17(22%) | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | ||
Sykora 2022 [10] | Cohort | Australia | ||||||||||||||||||||
NIHSS 0–1: | 70 ± 15.5 | 66.7 ± 20.7 | 703 | 34,402 | 416/287 | 18,975/15427 | 491(71%) | 25,701(74.8%) | 135 (19.5%) | 7100 (20.7%) | 98 (14.2%) | 6355 (18.5%) | 93(13.4%) | 5207 (15.2%) | 145(21%) | 6141(17.9%) | 384(55.5%) | 19,569(57%) | ||||
NIHSS 2–5: | 71 ± 14 | 71.5 ± 15 | 6316 | 39,176 | 3681/2635 | 22,204/16972 | 4814(77.4%) | 31,875(81.5%) | 1287 (20.7%) | 10,735 (27.5%) | 1079 (17.3%) | 9528 (24.4%) | 980(15.8%) | 8170 (20.9%) | 1167(18.8%) | 7652(19.6%) | 3646(58.6%) | 22,864(58.5%) | ||||
Pitaksuteepong 2020 [42] | Cohort | Thailand | 64.91 ± 17.15 | 60.61 ± 15.21 | 56 | 138 | 25/31 | 58/80 | 33(58.9%) | 56(40.6%) | 14(25%) | 30(21.7%) | 10(17.9%) | 18(13%) | 3(5.4%) | 10(7.2%) | 20(35.7%) | 70(50.7%) | 18(32.1%) | 27(19.6%) | ||
Sharma 2014 [45] | Cohort | USA | __ | __ | 20 | 166 | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | ||
Yaghi 2012 [44] | Cohort | USA | 65.6 ± 12.3 | 66.6 ± 12.0 | 30 | 30 | 17/13 | 15/15 | 26(86.7%) | 25(83.3%) | 11(36.7%) | 4(13.3%) | __ | __ | 3(10%) | 3(10%) | __` | __ | 14(46.7%) | 13(43.3%) | ||
Mengel 2022 [43] | Cohort | Germany | 75 ± 13 years (for total patients in the study) | 201 | 66 | 151/116 (for total number of patients in the study) | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | __ | ||||||||||
Logallo 2014 [20] | Cohort | Norway | 67.3 ± 13.9 | 69.9 ± 14.1 | 158 | 1633 | 105/53 | 985/648 | 80 (51.0%) | 867 (53.3%) | 18 (11.6%) | 221 (13.7%) | 22 (14.1%) | 264 (16.4%) | 17 (10.8%) | 229 (14.1%) | __ | __ | 43 (27.2%) | 408 (25.0%) | ||
Urra 2013 [29] | Cohort | Spain | 68.8 ± 13.8 | 69.0 ± 13.2 | 119 | 84 | 82/37 | 52/32 | 81(68.1%) | 57 (67.5%) | 29 (24.4%) | 31 (37.3%) | __ | __ | 18 (15.3%) | 20 (23.8%) | __ | __ | 46 (38.8%) | 40 (48.2%) | ||
Chen 2017 [30] | Cohort | China | 62.3 ± 10.5 | 63.2 ± 10.6 | 134 | 249 | 86/48 | 159/90 | 92(68.7%) | 156(62.7%) | 24(17.9%) | 59(23.7%) | 23(17.2%) | 89(35.7%) | 10 (7.5%) | 21 (8.4%) | 63 (47.0%) | 71 (28.5%) | __ | __ | ||
Luo 2024 [31] | Cohort | China | 63.7 ± 22.4 | 64.3 ± 11.4 | 619 | 2170 | 415/204 | 1391/779 | 354 (57.2%) | 1328 (61.7%) | 124 (20%) | 447 (20.6%) | 156 (25.2%) | 610 (28.1%) | 20 (3.2%) | 48 (2.2%) | 197 (31.8%) | 588 (27.1%) | 16 (2.6%) | 26 (1.2%) | ||
Ng 2016 [32] | Cohort | Australia | 72.2 ± 14.5 | 34 | 39 | 23/11 | 22/17 | 21 (61.8%) | 24(61.1%) | 3(8.8%) | 7(16.7%) | 10(29.4%) | 7(16.7%) | 11(32.4%) | 16(41.7%) | 6(17.8%) | 9(22.2%) | 14 (41.2%) | 18(47.2%) | |||
Greisenegger 2014 [33] | Cohort | Austria | 69 ± 12.6 | 70 ± 11.86 | 445 | 445 | 259/186 | 259/186 | 360(80.9%) | 360(80.9%) | 60(13.5%) | 60(13.5%) | 68(15.3%) | 83(18.7%) | 90(20.2%) | 91(20.4%) | - | - | 278(62.5%) | 278(62.5%) | ||
Choi 2015 [22] | Cohort | USA | 63 ± 13 | 64 ± 13 | 194 | 1190 | 126/68 | 752/438 | 117 (60.3%) | 794(66.7%) | 41 (21.1%) | 318(26.7%) | 20(10.3%) | 174(14.6%) | 32 (16.5%) | 205(17.2%) | 81(41.8%) | 508(42.7%) | 58 (29.9%) | 406(34%) | ||
Laurencin 2015 [40] | Cohort | France | 68 ± 15.7 | 170 | 112/58 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||