Table 1 Baseline characteristics and associations between covariates and poststroke pain, no. Of patients 4069

Age, mean (SD)

72 (13)

74 (13)

1.01 (1.00-1.02)

< 0.001

Male sex

1139 (62)

1038 (47)

0.54 (0.48–0.61)

< 0.001

Born in Sweden

1611 (87)

1734 (78)

0.51 (0.43–0.60)

< 0.001

Education > 12 years

515 (28)

515 (24)

0.78 (0.68–0.90)

< 0.001

High income

816 (44)

695 (31)

0.57 (0.50–0.65)

< 0.001

Single household

767 (42)

1039 (47)

1.25 (1.10–1.41)

< 0.001

Smoking

193 (12)

292 (15)

1.27 (1.04–1.54)

0.018

Alcohol abuse

31 (2)

72 (3)

1.96 (1.29–3.03)

0.002

Prestroke physical activity

 Sedentary

701 (42)

1133 (56)

ref

-

 Light intensity

801 (48)

774 (39)

0.60 (1.47–1.78)

< 0.001

 Moderate or high intensity

164 (10)

99 (5)

0.37 (0.29–0.49)

< 0.001

Prestroke medications

 Antihypertensives

973 (53)

1264 (57)

1.18 (1.04–1.34)

0.009

 Antiplatelets

424 (23)

603 (27)

1.24 (1.08–1.44)

0.003

 Anticoagulants

212 (12)

256 (12)

0.99 (0.82–1.21)

0.947

 Statins

468 (25)

641 (29)

1.19 (1.03–1.37)

0.014

Comorbidities

 Atrial fibrillation

386 (24)

491 (24)

1.04 (0.89–1.21)

0.645

 Cancer

186 (10)

257 (12)

1.16 (0.95–1.42)

0.136

 Depression

65 (4)

144 (7)

1.89 (1.41–2.57)

< 0.001

 Diabetes

302 (16)

476 (21)

1.39 (1.19–1.63)

< 0.001

 COPD

101 (6)

216 (10)

1.86 (1.45–2.37)

< 0.001

 Renal failure

127 (7)

165 (7)

1.08 (0.85–1.38)

0.516

 Hyperlipidemia

278 (15)

392 (18)

1.20 (1.02–1.42)

0.030

 Prior stroke

255 (14)

359 (16)

1.20 (1.01–1.43)

0.038

Stroke type

 Ischemic stroke

1677 (91)

1999 (90)

ref

-

 Intracerebral hemorrhage

163 (9)

222 (10)

1.14 (0.92–1.41)

0.219

Neuro interventional therapy ^a

 Neurosurgery

4 (0.2)

11 (0.5)

0.90 (0.77–1.05)

0.184

 Thrombectomy

212 (12)

241 (12)

-

 Thrombolysis

298 (16)

305 (14)

-

NIHSS, mean (SD)

4 (5)

5 (6)

1.03 (1.02–1.04)

< 0.001

Hemiparesis

450 (28)

700 (38)

1.53 (1.32–1.76)

< 0.001

Sensory deficit

348 (22)

562 (31)

1.56 (1.33–1.82)

< 0.001

Cognition ^b

 Normal

356 (24)

337 (19)

ref

-

 Impaired

563 (38)

649 (37)

1.22 (1.01–1.47)

0.039

 Unclear

573 (38)

794 (45)

1.46 (1.22–1.76)

< 0.001

Need of assistance before stroke

221 (13)

432 (20)

1.76 (1.48–2.10)

< 0.001