Table 2 Comparison of risk factors between before and after the COVID-19 pandemic
From: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in China: a comparative study
Risk factors | Group A, n (%) (N = 243) | Group B, n (%) (N = 228) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P⊥ value | All patients, n (%) (N = 471) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infection | 43 (17.7) | 87 (38.2) | 2.870 (1.878–4.386) | < 0.01 | 130 (27.6) |
CNS infection | 8 (3.3) | 13 (5.7) | 1.776 (0.722–4.368) | 0.205 | 21 (4.5) |
COVID-19 or vaccine | 0 | 8 (3.5) | 18.773 (1.077–327.148) | < 0.01 | 8 (1.7) |
Obstetric causes | 48 (19.8) | 28 (12.3) | 0.569 (0.343–0.943) | 0.028 | 76 (16.1) |
Oral contraceptives, HRT | 23 (9.5) | 9 (3.9) | 0.393 (0.178–0.869) | 0.017 | 32 (6.8) |
Hematologic disorders | 67 (27.6) | 55 (24.1) | 0.835 (0.552–1.263) | 0.393 | 122 (25.9) |
Thrombocythemia | 15 (6.2) | 20 (8.8) | 1.462 (0.729–2.930) | 0.282 | 35 (7.4) |
JAK2 mutations | 12 (4.9) | 6 (2.6) | 0.520 (0.192–1.410) | 0.192 | 18 (3.8) |
Anemia | 43 (17.7) | 37 (16.2) | 0.901 (0.556–1.459) | 0.672 | 80 (17.0) |
Polycythemia | 2 (0.8) | 3 (1.3) | 1.607 (0.266–9.705) | 0.943 | 5 (1.1) |
Transfusion | 1 (0.4) | 9 (3.9) | 9.945 (1.250–79.137) | 0.019 | 10 (2.1) |
Nephritic syndrome | 7 (2.9) | 1 (0.4) | 0.149 (0.018–1.217) | 0.090 | 8 (1.7) |
Prothrombotic conditions | 138 (56.8) | 105 (46.1) | 0.650 (0.452–0.934) | 0.020 | 243 (51.6) |
PC reduction | 21 (12.3) | 25 (11.0) | 1.302 (0.707–2.397) | 0.396 | 46 (9.8) |
PS reduction | 94 (55.0) | 63 (27.6) | 0.605 (0.410–0.893) | 0.011 | 157 (33.3) |
AT reduction | 21 (11.5) | 13 (5.7) | 0.639 (0.312–1.309) | 0.218 | 34 (7.2) |
Hyperhomocysteinemia | 35 (14.4) | 33 (14.5) | 1.006 (0.601–1.682) | 0.983 | 68 (14.4) |
Antiphospholipid and anticardiolipin antibodies | 25 (10.3) | 23 (10.1) | 0.978 (0.538–1.778) | 0.943 | 48 (10.2) |
Any systemic disorders | 31 (12.8) | 54 (24.6) | 2.122 (1.307–3.447) | < 0.01 | 85 (18.0) |
Autoimmune diseasesa | 10 (4.1) | 28 (12.3) | 3.262 (1.546–6.881) | < 0.01 | 38 (8.1) |
Thyroid diseases | 23 (9.5) | 28 (12.3) | 1.221 (0.689–2.164) | 0.326 | 51 (10.8) |
Surgery or trauma | 9 (3.7) | 21(9.2) | 2.638 (1.182–5.888) | 0.014 | 30 (6.4) |
Surgery | 8 (3.3) | 17 (7.5) | 2.367 (1.001–5.597) | 0.044 | 25 (5.3) |
Trauma | 1 (0.4) | 4 (1.6) | 4.321 (0.479–38.957) | 0.155 | 5 (1.1) |
Any malignancies | 8 (3.3) | 3 (1.3) | 0.392 (0.103–1.495) | 0.156 | 11 (2.3) |
Drugsb | 16 (6.6) | 5 (2.2) | 0.318 (0.115–0.883) | 0.021 | 21 (4.5) |
Dehydration | 2 (0.8) | 2 (0.9) | 1.066 (0.149–7.634) | 1.000 | 4 (0.8) |
None identified | 42 (17.3) | 38 (16.7) | 0.957 (0.591–1.549) | 0.858 | 80 (17.0) |