Table 2 Univariate analysis comparing ICH patients with and without hematoma expansion
From: Predicting the risk of hematoma expansion in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the GIVE score
Variable | with Hematoma Expansion n = 109 (27.6%) | without Hematoma Expansion n = 286 (72.4%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic | |||
Mean age, years (SD) | 60.9(13.7) | 59.2(13.2) | 0.245 |
Sex, male, n (%) Medical history | 78(71.6) | 184(64.3) | 0.174 |
Smoking, n (%) | 36(33.0) | 134(46.9) | 0.130 |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 31(28.4) | 91(31.8) | 0.516 |
History of Hypertension, n (%) | 84(77.1) | 203(71.0) | 0.225 |
History of Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 24(22.0) | 40(14.0) | 0.053 |
History of stroke, n (%) | 28(25.7) | 49(17.1) | 0.055 |
Clinical characteristic | |||
Admission SBP, mmHg (SD) | 176.3(29.4) | 174.1(29.1) | 0.495 |
Admission DBP, mmHg (SD) | 101.8(22.0) | 101.2(18.5) | 0.766 |
GCS, median (IQR) | 11.0(9.0–14.0) | 14.0(12.0–15.0) | < 0.001 |
GCS ≤ 11, n (%) | 55(50.5) | 60(21.0) | < 0.001 |
NIHSS, median (IQR) | 13.0(7.0-20.5) | 10.0(4.8–15.0) | < 0.001 |
INR, mean (SD) | 1.0(0.1) | 1.0(0.1) | 0.198 |
Time elapsed from onset to NCCT median (IQR), h | 2.6(1.6–3.8) | 1.7(1.0-2.7) | < 0.001 |
Time elapsed from onset to NCCT ≤ 2.5 h | 80(73.4) | 139(48.6) | < 0.001 |
NCCT imaging | |||
ICH location | 0.157 | ||
Lobar, n (%) | 33(23.9) | 91(20.9) | |
Deep, n (%) | 94(68.1) | 292(67.0) | |
Infratentorial, n (%) | 11(8.0) | 53(12.2) | |
IVH on baseline NCCT, n (%) | 51(46.8) | 84(29.4) | 0.001 |
Baseline ICH volume, mL (IQR) | 11.2(5.4–22.4) | 13.9(7.0-30.1) | 0.002 |
Heterogeneous density, n (%) | 48(44.0) | 95(33.2) | 0.045 |
Swirl sign, n (%) | 88(80.7) | 208(72.7) | 0.101 |
Hypodensity, n (%) | 70(64.2) | 157(54.9) | 0.094 |
Black hole sign, n (%) | 17(15.6) | 23(8.0) | 0.026 |
Fluid level, n (%) | 6(5.5) | 17(5.9) | 0.868 |
Irregular shape, n (%) | 60(55.0) | 127(44.4) | 0.058 |
Island sign, n (%) | 23(21.1) | 26(9.1) | 0.001 |
Satellite sign, n (%) | 38(34.9) | 77(26.9) | 0.121 |
90-day mortality, n (%) | 38(27.5) | 23(8.0) | < 0.001 |