Table 4 Epileptic characteristics of 37 MELAS patients
Epileptic characteristics | n(%) |
|---|---|
Seizure type | |
Focal onset | 25(67.6%) |
Motor seizures | 21(56.8%) |
myoclonic seizure | 2(5%) |
clonic seizure | 16(43.2%) |
automatism | 1(3%) |
tonic seizure | 2(5%) |
Nonmotor seizures | 4(10.8%) |
Sensory seizure | 2(5%) |
Cognitive seizures | 1(3%) |
Emotional seizures | 1(3%) |
Generalized onset | 28(75.7%) |
Motor seizures | 27(73%) |
tonic clonic seizure | 24(64.9%) |
tonic seizure | 2(5%) |
clonic seizure | 1(3%) |
Nonmotor seizures | 1(3%) |
Typical absence seizure | 1(3%) |
Focal seizures and generalized seizures | 16(43.2%) |
Electroencephalography | 37(100%) |
Background rhythm abnormalities | 37(100%) |
Focal slowing | 11(29.7%) |
Generalized slowing | 26(70.3%) |
Interictal epileptiform discharges | 14(37.8%) |
Focal sharp/spike wave discharges | 10(27%) |
Multifocal sharp/spike wave discharges | 4(10.8%) |
Antiepileptic drugs | 37(100%) |
Maximal number used | 1.8 ± 0.78(1–3) |
Numbers using at the last visit | 1.4 ± 0.95(0–3) |
Drug-resistant epilepsy | 12(32.4%) |
Response at the last visit* | |
Complete seizure freedom for at least 1 year | 25(67.6%) |
Significant reduction in seizures for at least 1 year | 4(10.8%) |
No change from baseline | 8(21.6%) |