Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of study participants (N = 830)

Age

18–27

63

7.6

20

9.5

28–37

196

23.6

36

17.1

38–47

252

30.4

62

29.6

48–57

238

28.7

56

26.7

58≥

81

9.7

36

17.1

Gender

Male

341

41.1

89

42.4

Female

489

58.9

121

57.6

Marital status

Single

153

18.4

42

20.1

Married

462

55.6

112

53.2

Separated

187

22.5

51

24.3

Widowed

28

3.4

5

2.4

Body mass index (BMI)

Underweight

112

13.5

24

11.4

Normal

286

34.4

51

24.3

Overweight

246

29.6

101

48.1

Obese

186

22.5

34

16.2

Highest level of education

No formal education

42

5.1

11

5.2

Primary

326

39.2

108

51.4

Secondary

257

30.9

69

32.8

Tertiary

205

24.8

22

10.6

Exercise frequency

Yes

389

46.9

72

34.3

No

441

53.1

138

65.7

Smoking attitude

No

223

26.9

52

24.8

Light smokers

264

31.8

94

44.8

Heavy smokers

343

41.3

64

30.4

Alcohol consumption

No

641

77.2

171

81.4

Occasional

135

16.2

25

11.9

Frequent

54

6.6

14

6.7

Type of work

Semi sedentary

456

54.9

49

23.4

Sedentary

164

19.7

75

35.7

Manual labor

210

25.4

86

40.9

Sitting posture

Straight back

198

23.8

36

17.1

Stooped

135

16.3

74

35.2

Backward inclination

231

27.8

63

30.1

Forward inclination

266

32.1

37

17.2

Use of back support

Yes

254

30.6

49

23.3

No

576

69.4

161

76.7

How long in this occupation?

< 2

49

5.9

12

5.7

2–3

142

17.1

22

10.5

3–4

165

19.9

36

17.1

4–5

223

26.9

58

27.6

6≥

251

30.2

82

39.1

Positive family history of CLBP

Yes

356

42.9

71

33.8

No

474

57.1

139

66.2