Table 1 Clinical characteristics of included aSAH patients

Age (years)

57 ± 12

56 ± 11

60 ± 13

0.043

53 ± 10

61 ± 12

 < 0.001

Male gender (n, %)

105 (34.3%)

83 (33.2%)

22 (39.3%)

0.477

56 (36.1%)

49 (32.5%)

0.577

Smoking (n, %)

50 (16.3%)

41 (16.3%)

9 (16.1%)

1.000

27 (17.3%)

23 (15.2%)

0.735

Alcoholism (n, %)

44 (14.3%)

38 (15.1%)

6 (10.7%)

0.520

22 (14.1%)

22 (14.6%)

1.000

Diabetes mellitus (n, %)

16 (5.2%)

14 (5.6%)

2 (3.6%)

0.781

8 (5.1%)

8 (5.3%)

1.000

Hypertension (n, %)

132 (43.0%)

109 (43.4%)

23 (41.1%)

0.863

68 (43.6%)

64 (42.4%)

0.922

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

149 (130–170)

149 (129–169)

145 (134–170)

0.833

149 (127–168)

149 (133–172)

0.107

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

86 (77 − 96)

86 (76–97)

87 (80–95)

0.328

85 (75–98)

87 (78–95)

0.334

Heart rate (s⁻¹)

78 (70–89)

78 (70–88)

80 (65–97)

0.912

78 (69–86)

80 (70–92)

0.012

GCS

15 (11–15)

15 (12–15)

7 (5–12)

 < 0.001

15 (14–15)

12 (7–15)

 < 0.001

WFNS

2 (1–4)

1 (1–4)

4 (4–5)

 < 0.001

1 (1–2)

4 (1–4)

 < 0.001

Hunt-Hess

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

3 (3–4)

 < 0.001

2 (1–2)

3 (2–4)

 < 0.001

mFisher

2 (2–3)

2 (2–3)

3 (2–4)

 < 0.001

2 (2–2)

2 (2–4)

 < 0.001

IVH (n, %)

17 (5.5%)

10 (4.0%)

7 (12.5%)

0.028

4 (2.6%)

13 (8.6%)

0.039

Location (n, %)

0.025

0.246

 Anterior circulation

234 (76.2%)

194 (77.3%)

40 (71.4%)

123 (78.8%)

111 (73.5%)

 Posterior circulation

57 (18.6%)

48 (19.1%)

9 (16.1%)

28 (17.9%)

29 (19.2%)

 Multiple aneurysm

16 (5.2%)

9 (3.6%)

7 (12.5%)

5 (3.2%)

11 (7.3%)

Glucose (mmol/L)

6.79 (5.70–8.14)

6.40 (5.62–7.89)

7.52 (6.92–8.92)

 < 0.001

6.05 (5.32–7.45)

7.44 (6.22–8.43)

< 0.001

Platelet (× 10⁹/L)

160 ± 53

159 ± 49

166 ± 67

0.416

167 ± 48

154 ± 57

0.039

Cystatin C (mg/L)

0.72 (0.65–0.82)

0.70 (0.64–0.80)

0.82 (0.72–0.93)

 < 0.001

0.69 (0.63–0.77)

0.77 (0.68–0.88)

< 0.001

Delayed cerebral ischemia (n, %)

65 (21.2%)

34 (13.5%)

31 (55.4%)

 < 0.001

8 (5.1%)

57 (37.7%)

< 0.001

Pneumonia (n, %)

146 (47.6)

112 (44.6)

34 (60.7)

0.042

46 (29.5%)

100 (66.2%)

< 0.001

Intracranial infection (n, %)

34 (11.1)

26 (10.4)

8 (14.3)

0.541

12 (7.7%)

22 (14.6%)

0.082

Length of ICU stay (days)

6 (3 − 13)

6 (3 − 15)

6 (2 − 10)

0.280

4 (3–7)

10 (5–20)

< 0.001

Length of hospital stay (days)

14 (10 − 23)

15 (11 − 24)

9 (5 − 12)

 < 0.001

13 (10–17)

17 (10 − 29)

0.015