Cerebral microbleeds: prevalence and relationship to clinical features in cognitive impairment with lewy body disease

Ren, Zhihong; Gan, Jinghuan; Chen, Zhichao; Shi, Zhihong; Liu, Shuai; Lu, Hao; Zhang, Guili; Ji, Yong

doi:10.1186/s12883-025-04181-w

Table 4 Associations between the presence of CMBs and motor function, cognitive performance and BPSD in all cases

From: Cerebral microbleeds: prevalence and relationship to clinical features in cognitive impairment with lewy body disease

		Crude model					Model 1					Model 2
		Unstandardized Coefficients		P	Collinearity Statistics		Unstandardized Coefficients		P	Collinearity Statistics		Unstandardized Coefficients		P	Collinearity Statistics
		B	SE	P	Tolerance	VIF	B	SE	P	Tolerance	VIF	B	SE	P	Tolerance	VIF
Motor function
UPDRS-III	Constant	14.192	0.727	< 0.001			46.130	5.750	< 0.001			46.348	5.648	< 0.001
UPDRS-III	CMB	-0.004	1.569	0.998	1.000	1.000	3.321	1.831	0.070	0.685	1.459	1.415	1.828	0.439	0.652	1.534
Hoehn-Yahn stage	Constant	1.279	0.055	< 0.001			3.647	0.434	< 0.001			3.598	0.429	< 0.001
Hoehn-Yahn stage	CMB	-0.002	0.119	0.987	1.000	1.000	0.291	0.138	0.035	0.685	1.459	0.190	0.139	0.172	0.652	1.534
Cognitive function
MMSE	Constant	18.259	0.254	< 0.001			31.678	2.027	< 0.001			30.143	1.816	< 0.001
MMSE	CMB	-1.168	0.549	0.034	1.000	1.000	-1.188	0.643	0.065	0.682	1.465	-0.175	0.586	0.765	0.657	1.522
MoCA	Constant	13.246	0.241	< 0.001			26.799	1.919	< 0.001			25.125	1.664	< 0.001
MoCA	CMB	-1.256	0.522	0.016	1.000	1.000	-1.418	0.608	0.020	0.682	1.465	-0.264	0.537	0.622	0.657	1.522
ADL	Constant	30.056	0.468	< 0.001			6.048	3.742	0.106			8.330	3.527	0.018
ADL	CMB	2.116	1.013	0.037	1.000	1.000	2.130	1.186	0.073	0.682	1.465	0.494	1.137	0.664	0.657	1.522
CDR	Constant	1.534	0.031	< 0.001			0.105	0.248	0.673			0.316	0.216	0.144
CDR	CMB	0.141	0.067	0.036	1.000	1.000	0.165	0.079	0.036	0.682	1.465	0.020	0.07	0.769	0.657	1.522
BPSD
Total-NPI scores	Constant	12.190	0.695	< 0.001			4.566	6.023	0.449			2.840	5.909	0.631
Total-NPI scores	CMB	3.250	1.422	0.023	1.000	1.000	3.299	1.796	0.067	0.624	1.602	2.186	1.792	0.223	0.601	1.664
Delusions	Constant	1.202	0.130	< 0.001			-3.539	1.111	0.002			-3.720	1.108	0.001
Delusions	CMB	0.450	0.267	0.093	1.000	1.000	0.289	0.331	0.384	0.624	1.602	0.181	0.336	0.590	0.601	1.664
Hallucinations	Constant	1.856	0.141	< 0.001			-0.708	1.218	0.561			-0.920	1.213	0.449
Hallucinations	CMB	0.539	0.288	0.062	1.000	1.000	0.858	0.363	0.019	0.624	1.602	0.775	0.368	0.036	0.601	1.664
Agitation	Constant	0.617	0.083	< 0.001			-0.23	0.729	0.752			-0.341	0.722	0.636
Agitation	CMB	0.255	0.171	0.136	1.000	1.000	0.178	0.217	0.414	0.624	1.602	0.027	0.219	0.901	0.601	1.664
Depression	Constant	1.164	0.121	< 0.001			1.981	1.041	0.058			1.812	1.033	0.080
Depression	CMB	0.294	0.248	0.235	1.000	1.000	0.447	0.31	0.151	0.624	1.602	0.253	0.313	0.420	0.601	1.664
Anxiety	Constant	0.974	0.106	< 0.001			1.802	0.918	0.050			1.673	0.916	0.068
Anxiety	CMB	0.209	0.217	0.336	1.000	1.000	-0.061	0.274	0.824	0.624	1.602	-0.162	0.278	0.561	0.601	1.664
Euphoria	Constant	0.101	0.036	0.005			0.215	0.31	0.488			0.195	0.310	0.529
Euphoria	CMB	0.128	0.073	0.078	1.000	1.000	0.131	0.092	0.158	0.624	1.602	0.153	0.094	0.104	0.601	1.664
Apathy	Constant	1.395	0.133	< 0.001			2.872	1.157	0.013			2.627	1.146	0.022
Apathy	CMB	-0.110	0.273	0.686	1.000	1.000	-0.062	0.345	0.858	0.624	1.602	-0.245	0.348	0.480	0.601	1.664
Disinhibition	Constant	0.159	0.056	0.005			-0.269	0.485	0.580			-0.296	0.486	0.544
Disinhibition	CMB	0.475	0.114	< 0.001	1.000	1.000	0.380	0.145	0.009	0.624	1.602	0.363	0.148	0.014	0.601	1.664
Irritability	Constant	0.844	0.098	< 0.001			-1.258	0.851	0.14			-1.412	0.847	0.096
Irritability	CMB	0.468	0.201	0.020	1.000	1.000	0.183	0.254	0.472	0.624	1.602	0.095	0.257	0.712	0.601	1.664
Aberrant motor behavior	Constant	1.040	0.128	< 0.001			-1.826	1.101	0.098			-2.011	1.097	0.067
Aberrant motor behavior	CMB	0.327	0.262	0.213	1.000	1.000	0.443	0.328	0.178	0.624	1.602	0.357	0.333	0.284	0.601	1.664
Night-time behavior disturbances	Constant	2.084	0.143	< 0.001			3.194	1.244	0.011			3.012	1.242	0.016
Night-time behavior disturbances	CMB	0.228	0.293	0.437	1.000	1.000	0.455	0.371	0.221	0.624	1.602	0.383	0.377	0.310	0.601	1.664
Appetite and eating abnormalities	Constant	0.784	0.092	< 0.001			2.153	0.800	0.007			2.050	0.800	0.011
Appetite and eating abnormalities	CMB	-0.041	0.188	0.829	1.000	1.000	0.052	0.239	0.828	0.624	1.602	0.007	0.243	0.977	0.601	1.664

Data for motor function, cognitive performance and BPSD was shown with “B ± standard error” by linear regressions, and the VIF diagnosis were also shown. All analysis were performed by Crude model, Model 1 (with correction for age at last visit, sex, history of hypertension, T2DM, heart disease, stroke, and the habits of smoking and/or alcohol consumption), and Model 2 (with correction for Model 1 + scores of MTA-max and Fazekas). *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
CMBs, cerebral microbleeds; BPSD, Behavioral and psychological symptoms; UPDRS-III, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale-Part III; MMSE, the Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; ADL, the Activity of Daily Living Scale; CDR, the clinical dementia rating; NPI, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory

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ISSN: 1471-2377

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